Freezing Temperatures

Frostbite is a medical condition when skin or body tissue is damaged from freezing.

It’s most common in parts of the body farthest from your heart that are exposed,

such as fingers, toes, ears and nose.

Follow these 7 tips to keep your body protected from the cold:

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1. DRESS IN LAYERS

Air trapped between clothing layers acts as insulation against the cold - so dress in loose, comfortable layers. Make Layer 1 a synthetic material, to wick away

moisture from your body. Layer 2 should be insulating, such as wool or fleece. The top layer should be windproof and waterproof.

2. PROTECT YOUR FEET & TOES

Wear two pairs of socks. The first pair, next to your skin, should be made of moisture-wicking fabric. Place a pair of wool or wool-blend socks on top of those. Your boots should also provide adequate insulation. They should be waterproof and cover your ankles. Make sure that nothing feels tight, as tight clothing increases the risk of frostbite - this includes when using foot warmers.

3. PROTECT YOUR HEAD

Wear a heavy wool or fleece hat. Cover your face with a scarf or face mask to warm the air you breathe, helping prevent frostbite on your nose and face.

4. PROTECT YOUR HANDS

Wear insulated mittens or gloves, and try hand warmers if needed. Always keep an extra set of gloves inside your car in case yours get wet.

5. KEEP DRY

Damp conditions increase the risk of developing frostbite, so try your best to keep snow out of your clothing and boots. While outdoors, if you start to sweat, cut back on your activity or unzip your jacket a bit.

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6. KEEP HYDRATED

Dehydration increases the risk of developing frostbite. Even if you are not thirsty, drink at least one glass of water before you head outside. Avoid drinking alcohol, which can also increases your risk for frostbite.

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7. PLAN AHEAD

When traveling in cold weather, carry emergency supplies and warm clothing in case you become stranded. If you'll be in remote territory, tell others your route and expected return date.

If You Get Frostbite...

The first signs of frostbite include redness and a stinging, burning, throbbing or prickling sensation followed by numbness. If this occurs, head indoors immediately, if at all possible.

If you experience symptoms of frostbite while out in the backcountry, keep moving. Exercise can get the blood flowing and help you stay warm, but don't do it to the point of exhaustion.

Try to gradually bring feeling back into the body. Never rub frostbitten skin or submerge your hands or feet directly into hot water; use warm water or a warm washcloth instead.

If you do not feel sensation returning to your body, or if the skin begins to turn gray, go to an emergency room or clinic immediately.